Wear-resistant materials are a large class of new materials with special electrical, magnetic, optical, acoustic, thermal, mechanical, chemical and biological functions. They are important basic materials for information technology, biotechnology, energy technology and other high-tech fields and national defense construction, and also play a very important role in transforming some traditional industries. Such as agriculture, chemical industry, building materials and so on play an important role. There are many kinds of wear-resistant materials and a wide range of uses, and it is forming a large-scale high-tech industrial group, which has a very broad market prospect and extremely important strategic significance. Wear-resistant materials can be divided into micro-electronic materials, optoelectronic materials, sensor materials, information materials, biomedical materials, ecological environmental materials, energy materials and smart (intelligent) materials according to the use of performance. Since we have taken electronic information materials as a new material field alone, the new wear-resistant materials referred to here are the main wear-resistant materials in addition to electronic information materials.
Classification of wear-resistant materials:
(1) wear-resistant steel series: high manganese steel (ZGMn13), high manganese alloy (ZGMn13Cr2MoRe), ultra-high manganese alloy (ZGMn18Cr2MoRe), medium, low and high carbon multi-alloy steel (such as ZG40SiMnCrMO and (ZG35Cr2MoNiRe);
(2) wear-resistant cast iron series: high chromium cast iron, medium chromium cast iron, low chromium cast iron, nickel hard cast iron and other varieties;
(3) Non-metallic wear-resistant materials series: such as polymeric ceramic composite materials, silicon carbide (SiC), silicon nitride (Si3N4), toughened zirconia (Y2O3+ZrO2), toughened aluminum oxide (Al2O3/ZrO2), etc.
(4) At present, wear-resistant materials mainly include the following categories: wear-resistant ball, wear-resistant steel plate, wear-resistant electrode, wear-resistant ceramics, wear-resistant floor, wear-resistant rubber, wear-resistant pipeline, wear-resistant bearing, wear-resistant welding material, wear-resistant casting, casting stone, polymer, composite wear-resistant materials and other wear-resistant materials.
2, the application of wear-resistant materials
(1) High manganese steel
High manganese steel is characterized by high manganese (10%-14%), high carbon (0.9%-1.4%), in order to improve its performance, often add alloying elements (nickel, chromium, molybdenum, etc.), high hardness. Due to the unique characteristics of high manganese steel, it is widely used in working parts with large impact loads and severe wear, such as the lining plate, jaw plate, grinding ball on various gravel machines, the bucket teeth on excavators, and the track plate of large tanks. Mill wall roller, etc.
(2) Low wear-resistant alloy steel
Low wear-resisting alloy steel is known for its high strength and toughness. Its strength and hardness are higher than those of wear-resistant manganese steel and can replace manganese steel in non-impact wear conditions. Its plasticity and toughness are higher than that of wear-resistant cast iron, and its service life is higher than that of wear-resistant cast iron under certain impact load wear conditions, which is widely used in agricultural and mining machinery. W (C) (0.2%-0.35%) multi-component low-alloy steel, after water quenching and tempering treatment, high hardness, good wear resistance, with good strength and toughness, not easy to deformation and fracture in use, widely used in excavator, loader and tractor bucket teeth, track plate, small and medium-sized jaw plate, plate hammer, hammer head, ball mill lining plate and so on.
